Strawberries alowa mu siteji ya maluwa, ndipo tizirombo zazikulu za sitiroberi-nsabwe za m'masamba, thrips, akangaude, ndi zina zotero zikuyambanso kuukira. Chifukwa akangaude, thrips, ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, timabisala kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira zisanayambike. Komabe, zimaberekana msanga ndipo zingayambitse masoka mosavuta ndi kuwononga kwambiri chuma. Choncho, m'pofunika kulimbikitsa kafukufuku wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipeze kuzindikira msanga komanso kupewa ndi kuwongolera mwamsanga.
Zizindikiro zovulaza
1. Nsabwe za m'masamba
Nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimawononga sitiroberi ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zobiriwira. Akuluakulu ndi nymphs tsango pansi pa sitiroberi masamba, pachimake masamba, ndi petioles, kuyamwa sitiroberi madzi ndi secreting uchi. Mfundo zokulirapo ndi pachimake masamba zitawonongeka, masamba azipiringa ndi kupindika, zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa mbewu.
2. Thrips
Masamba a sitiroberi akawonongeka, masamba owonongeka amazimiririka ndikusiya zizindikiro za mano. Masamba amawonetsa mawanga oyera kenako amalumikizana ndi mapepala. Pamene kuwonongeka kuli kwakukulu, masamba amakhala ang'onoang'ono, amachepa, kapena achikasu, owuma, ndi kufota, zomwe zimakhudza photosynthesis; nthawi yamaluwa, masamba amawonongeka. Kuwonongeka kungayambitse stamen kupotoza, duwa sterility, petal discoloration, etc. Akuluakulu tizilombo akhoza kuwononga zipatso ndi kukhudza zachuma phindu la zipatso. Kuphatikiza apo, ma thrips amathanso kufalitsa ma virus osiyanasiyana ndikuwononga kupanga sitiroberi.
3. Nyenyezi
Mitundu yayikulu ya akangaude omwe amawononga sitiroberi ndi akangaude omwe ali ndi mawanga awiri. Nkhono zazikazi zimakhala zofiira modera ndipo zimakhala ndi mawanga akuda mbali zonse za thupi lake ndipo zimakhala zozungulira. Overwintering mazira ofiira, pamene sanali overwintering mazira zochepa wotumbululuka chikasu. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta m'badwo wa overwintering ndi tofiira, pomwe nthata zazing'ono za m'badwo wopanda-wintering ndi zachikasu. Nymphae ya m'badwo wa overwintering ndi yofiira, ndipo nymphae ya m'badwo wopanda-overwintering ndi yachikasu ndi mawanga akuda kumbali zonse za thupi. Akuluakulu, ana ndi nymphal nthata amayamwa kuyamwa pansi pa masamba ndi kumanga ukonde. Poyamba, mawanga a chlorosis amawonekera pamasamba, ndipo zikavuta kwambiri, madontho oyera amabalalika paliponse. Woopsa milandu, masamba amapsa ndi kugwa, kuchititsa chomera kukalamba msanga.
Malamulo a zochitika
1. Nsabwe za m'masamba
Nsabwe za m'masamba nthawi zambiri zimayenda mozungulira masamba ang'onoang'ono, ma petioles, ndi masamba apansi kuti aziyamwa madzi ndikutulutsa mame kuti aipitse masamba. Nthawi yomweyo, nsabwe za m'masamba zimafalitsa ma virus ndikuwononga mbande.
2. Thrips
Kutentha ndi kowuma kumakonda izi. Zimachitika chaka chilichonse mu wowonjezera kutentha dzuwa ndi Mitundu ndi overwinter kumeneko, kawirikawiri 15-20 mibadwo/chaka; zimachitika mu wowonjezera kutentha mu kasupe ndi autumn mpaka kukolola. Nymphs ndi akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amabisala pakati pa maluwa ndi pamakhala pamakhala, ndipo amabisika kwambiri. Ndizovuta kuti mankhwala ophera tizirombo akhudze mwachindunji ndi kupha tizilombo.
3. Nyenyezi
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono komanso tinyezi tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono. Zimakhudza masamba apansi poyamba ndikufalikira mmwamba. Kutentha kwakukulu ndi chilala ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti akangaude ayambe kudwala, ndipo kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhala ndi moyo.
Tekinoloje Yoteteza ndi Kuwongolera
1. Nsabwe za m'masamba
(1) Njira zaulimi:mwamsanga kuchotsa akale ndi odwala sitiroberi masamba ndi kuchotsa udzu kuzungulira wowonjezera kutentha.
(2) Kupewa ndi kuwongolera thupi:Ikani maukonde oteteza tizilombo m'malo olowera mpweya; kukhazikitsa matabwa achikasu kuti agwire ndi kuwapha mu wowonjezera kutentha. Adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira nthawi yobzala. Wowonjezera kutentha kulikonse amagwiritsa ntchito zidutswa 10-20, ndipo kutalika kolendewera ndikokwera pang'ono kuposa mbewu za sitiroberi ndi 10-20 cm. Msampha mapiko nsabwe za m'masamba ndi m'malo nthawi zonse.
(3) Kuwongolera kwachilengedwe:Kumayambiriro kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, ma ladybugs amatulutsidwa m'munda, ndipo ma calories 100 pa ekala (mazira 20 pa khadi) amatulutsidwa kuti aphe nsabwe za m'masamba. Samalani kuteteza adani achilengedwe monga ma lacewings, hoverflies, ndi mavu a aphid braconid.
(4) Kuwongolera mankhwala:Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito 25% thiamethoxam osabalalika ma granules 3000-5000 ngati madzi, 3% acetamiprid EC 1500 nthawi ngati madzi, ndi 1.8% abamectin EC 1000-1500 nthawi ngati madzi. Samalani kasinthasintha wa mankhwala. Samalani nthawi yachitetezo cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuti mupewe kukula kwa kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso phytotoxicity. (Zindikirani: Pofuna kupewa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, pewani nyengo ya maluwa a sitiroberi, ndipo chotsani njuchi m’khola pothira mankhwala ophera tizilombo.)
2. Thrips
(1) Kupewa ndi kuwongolera zaulimi:Chotsani namsongole m'minda yamasamba ndi madera ozungulira kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tomwe timakonda kuzizira. Zimakula kwambiri pa nthawi ya chilala, choncho kuwonongeka kungachepe poonetsetsa kuti zomera zathiriridwa bwino.
(2) Kulamulira mwakuthupi:Misampha ya tizilombo ya buluu kapena yachikasu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutchera thrips, yomwe imakhala yothandiza kwambiri. Pang'onopang'ono zidutswa 20-30 pa ekala, ndipo m'munsi mwa mbale yamtundu uyenera kukhala 15-20cm kuchokera pamwamba pa mmera, ndikuwonjezeka pamene mbewu ikukula.
(3) Kuwongolera kwachilengedwe:Chiwerengero cha thrips chikhoza kuyendetsedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito adani achilengedwe a nthata zolusa. Ngati thrips amapezeka mu wowonjezera kutentha, kutulutsidwa kwanthawi yake kwa nthata 20,000 za Amblysei kapena nkhaka zatsopano / maekala, kamodzi pamwezi, zimatha kuwongolera kuwonongeka. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo saloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 7 isanafike komanso nthawi yotulutsa.
(4) Kuwongolera mankhwala:Tizilombo tikachuluka, gwiritsani ntchito 2% emamectin EC 20-30 g/mu ndi 1.8% abamectin EC 60 ml/mu. Tizilombo tikachuluka, gwiritsani ntchito 6% spinosad 20 ml/ekala popopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, choyamba, tiyenera kulabadira kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwina kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti tifooketse kukana kwawo. Kachiwiri, tiyenera kulabadira kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo osati pa zomera komanso pansi pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, chifukwa ena okhwima mphutsi pupate m'nthaka. (Amamectin ndi abamectin ndi poizoni ku njuchi. Popopera mbewu mankhwalawa, pewani nthawi ya maluwa a sitiroberi, ndipo chotsani njuchi m'khola pothira mankhwala; spinosad si poizoni ku njuchi.)
3. Nyenyezi
(1) Kupewa ndi kuwongolera zaulimi:yeretsani udzu m'munda ndikuchotsa gwero la tizilombo ta overwintering; mwamsanga kugwetsa m'munsi wakale tsamba tizilombo masamba ndi kuwachotsa kumunda kwa centralized chiwonongeko.
(2) Kuwongolera kwachilengedwe:Gwiritsani ntchito adani achilengedwe kuti athe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa akangaude ofiira atangoyamba kumene, ndikumasula Amblyseidia barbari m'munda, ndi anthu 50-150 / mita lalikulu, kapena nthata za Phytoseiid zomwe zili ndi anthu 3-6 / mita lalikulu.
(3) Kupewa ndi kuwongolera mankhwala:Kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba, kuyimitsidwa kwa diphenazine 43% 2000-3000 nthawi ndi 1.8% abamectin nthawi 2000-3000 angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kuwongolera kamodzi masiku 7 aliwonse. Zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mosinthana zikhala bwino. zabwino. (Diphenyl hydrazine ndi abamectin ndi poizoni ku njuchi. Popopera mbewu mankhwalawa, pewani nthawi ya maluwa a sitiroberi, ndipo chotsani njuchi m'khola pothira mankhwala.)
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-18-2023
