Paulimi, mankhwala opha fungicides samangothandiza popewera ndi kuwongolera matenda, komanso kupititsa patsogolo zokolola ndi mtundu wa mbewu. Komabe, msikawu umadzazidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala a fungicide, omwe mtundu wake umasiyana. Ndiye, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa fungicides? Mu pepala ili, tikambirana za mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zogwira ntchito za fungicides komanso mulingo waukadaulo wopanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zogwira ntchito za fungicides
Mitundu ndi udindo wa Zosakaniza Zogwira Ntchito
Chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi fungicide ndicho chigawo chachikulu cha ntchito yake, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zogwira ntchito imakhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kukonzekera zamkuwa kumalepheretsa kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwa kutulutsa ayoni amkuwa, pamene kukonzekera kwa sulfure kumalepheretsa kagayidwe kachakudya ka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tikwaniritse zowononga. Kusankhidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito kumakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu ya fungicides.
Zomwe zili muzosakaniza
Zomwe zili muzinthu zogwira ntchito ndiyo njira yothandiza kwambiri yoyezera mtundu wa fungicides. Ma fungicides omwe ali ndi zinthu zosakwanira zogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amalephera kukwaniritsa zomwe amayembekeza, pomwe zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito kwambiri zimatha kuwononga mbewu ndi chilengedwe. Choncho, wololera zili yogwira zosakaniza akhoza kuonetsetsa onse bactericidal zotsatira, komanso kuonetsetsa chitetezo ntchito.
Kupanga ndi kusakaniza kwa fungicides
Ma fungicides nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu zosakanikirana, kuphatikiza zosakaniza zogwira ntchito, zowonjezera ndi zosungunulira. Kuchuluka kwa zigawo zosiyanasiyana ndi kusakaniza ndondomeko kumakhudza mwachindunji kukhazikika kwa fungicide ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zake. Mankhwala abwino a fungicide ayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi kusakaniza bwino kuti awonetsetse kuti zotsatira zabwino zitha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse zikagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mlingo waukadaulo wopanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo
Zotsatira zaukadaulo waukadaulo pamtundu wa fungicides
Ukadaulo wokonza mankhwala ophera tizilombo umaphatikizapo kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake komanso kuwongolera bwino. Ukadaulo wotsogola waukadaulo sumangowonjezera zomwe zili mu fungicides, komanso umapangitsa kuti thupi lawo likhale labwino, ndikupangitsa kuti azikhala okhazikika komanso ogwira mtima. Mwachitsanzo, ukadaulo wa microemulsification ukhoza kusintha kusungunuka ndi permeability wa fungicides, motero kumawonjezera mphamvu yawo ya bactericidal.
Physicochemical katundu wa biocides
The physicochemical katundu wa biocides monga kusungunuka, kukhazikika, fluidity ndi zina zotero. Ma biocides apamwamba kwambiri ayenera kukhala osungunuka bwino komanso osasunthika, ndipo sizosavuta kuwola kapena kugwa posungira ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi abwino amatha kuwonetsetsa kugawa kofanana kwa fungicide yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuwongolera kuwongolera.
Kupanga luso laukadaulo komanso kukonza bwino
Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, ukadaulo wopangira ma fungicides umakhalanso wotsogola. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito nanotechnology mu mankhwala ophera fungal kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zomwe zimagwira ntchito, potero kuwongolera njira yotsekera ndikuchepetsa mlingo. Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo wopanga wanzeru utha kuzindikira kuwongolera bwino kwa njira yopangira ndikuwongolera bwino ma fungicides.
Zogulitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo pamsika
Zowopsa za mankhwala ophera tizilombo
Mankhwala ophera tizilombo samangothandiza popewera ndi kuletsa matenda, komanso akhoza kuwononga mbewu, chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo osoŵa kungayambitse kuchepetsa zokolola kapena kufooketsa mbewu, kuwononga nthaka ndi magwero a madzi, ndi kuwononga chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zovulaza za mankhwala ophera tizilombo osokonekera zimatha kulowa m'thupi la munthu kudzera munjira yazakudya, zomwe zingawononge thanzi.
Njira zodziwira mankhwala ophera tizilombo
Njira yodziwira mankhwala ophera tizilombo osokonekera makamaka imaphatikizapo kuyang'anira katundu wa katundu ndi kulemba zilembo, kuyesa maonekedwe ndi mankhwala omwe akukonzekera. Ogula pogula fungicides, ayenera kusankha njira zovomerezeka, ayang'ane mosamala zomwe zayikidwa ndikulemba, ngati kuli kofunikira, zitha kuyesedwa ndi mawonekedwe ake akuthupi ndi mankhwala kuti adziwe mtundu wake.
Momwe mungadziwire mtundu wa fungicides
Kuzindikirika kudzera pakupakira kwazinthu ndi kulemba zilembo
Kuyika ndi kulemba zilembo za fungicides ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika mtundu wawo. Kupaka kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa fungicide nthawi zambiri kumapangidwa ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, zotengerazo zimakhala zopanga bwino kwambiri, zimasindikizidwa mwamphamvu komanso mwaukhondo. Cholemberacho chiyenera kusonyeza dzina la mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mafotokozedwe ake, nambala yolembetsa, nambala yachiphaso chopanga, kulemera kwa Net, wopanga, gulu, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, zizindikiro za poizoni, chenjezo, tsiku lopangidwa ndi nambala ya batch ndi zina. Palibe zolembera, zowononga zolembera kapena zosamveka bwino za chinthucho, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kutsimikizira.
Thupi ndi mankhwala katundu kuchokera yokonza khalidwe
Maonekedwe a thupi ndi mankhwala a fungicide ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha khalidwe lake. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokonzekera ma fungicides imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana amthupi ndi mankhwala komanso njira zogwiritsidwira ntchito, chifukwa chake muyenera kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe ndi mikhalidwe yabwino pogula ndikuweruza moyenerera.
Kupaka ndi kulemba zilembo za fungicides
Makhalidwe a phukusi la fungicides apamwamba kwambiri
Kupaka kwa fungicides apamwamba kwambiri kuyenera kupangidwa ndi zida zapamwamba zosindikizidwa bwino komanso zolimba. Kusindikiza pa phukusi kuyenera kukhala komveka bwino komanso kokwanira popanda kusokoneza kapena kusweka. Kuonjezera apo, mapangidwe ndi zinthu za phukusi ziyenera kuteteza bwino kukhazikika kwa biocide panthawi yosungira ndi kuyendetsa.
Lembetsani zomwe zili ndi chizindikiritso
Malemba oyenerera a fungicide ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane cha mankhwala, monga dzina la mankhwala, mafotokozedwe, opanga, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zina zotero. Zomwe zili pa lebulo ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino, zokhazikika komanso zosindikizidwa mwapamwamba kwambiri. Ogula akuyenera kuyang'ana mosamala zomwe zili pa lebulo pogula kuti atsimikizire kuti zomwe agula ndizopangidwa nthawi zonse zopangidwa zoyenerera.
Emulsifiable amaganizira, mafuta, emulsifiers ndi zina zamadzimadzi kukonzekera khalidwe chiweruzo
Mawonekedwe ndi Kukhazikika kwa Emulsifiable Concentrates
Good quality emulsifiable amayang'ana ayenera mandala mafuta madzi popanda mpweya zoonekeratu. Kwa mitundu ina yapadera ya emulsifiable concentrates, monga 2,4-dichlorobutyl ester, maonekedwe a opacity kapena crystallization phenomenon amavomerezedwa, koma amafunika kutenthedwa pang'ono kapena kugwedezeka pambuyo pa kusungunuka kwa makhiristo. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikika kwa emulsion ndi kufalikira konyowa ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri. Kuchepetsedwa emulsifiable tcheru ayenera kukhala opanda mafuta akuyandama ndi mvula, ndipo akhoza bwino kunyowetsa mbewu masamba.
Mphepo yamkuntho ndi mpweya wa Mayankho
Mayankho apamwamba kwambiri ayenera kukhala amadzimadzi ofananirako komanso owoneka bwino, opanda chipwirikiti chodziwikiratu kapena mvula. Ngati Mayankho akuwoneka ngati amtambo kapena amvula, amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino. Kuonjezera apo, mtundu wa Mayankhowo uyenera kukhala wogwirizana ndi mlingo wa mankhwala, ndipo ngati mtunduwo umasiyana kwambiri, khalidweli liyeneranso kufunsidwa.
Kuwonekera ndi Kugwirizana kwa Mafuta Opanga Mafuta
Mapangidwe abwino a Mafuta ayenera kukhala omveka bwino, amadzimadzi amodzi omwe samasakanikirana ndi madzi kuti apange emulsions. Ngati Mapangidwe a Mafuta apanga ma emulsion kapena kutsitsa madzi akawonjezedwa, amatha kukhala otsika kwambiri amafuta amafuta kapena mitundu ina yamafuta.
Kuweruza Kwabwino Kwa Mapangidwe Olimba monga Ma ufa, ma WP ndi Granules
Ubwino ndi Kuthamanga kwa Ufa Wosungunuka
Ma Dustable Powder Amtundu Ayenera kukhala owoneka bwino komanso ofanana, ndipo mtunduwo uyenera kukhala wogwirizana ndi mulingo wazogulitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, Dustable Powders ayenera kukhala ndi madzi abwino, opanda zotupa komanso opanda flocculent. Ngati zotupa zimatha kupangidwa pamene Dustable Powders agwidwa ndi dzanja ndi mphamvu, zikutanthauza kuti madzi a Dustable Powders ndi aakulu kwambiri ndipo kubalalitsidwa kapena madzimadzi ndi osauka.
Kunyowetsa Magwiridwe ndi Kuyimitsidwa kwa Ufa Wonyowa
Ufa Wonyowa Wabwino Wonyowa uyenera kunyowetsedwa mwachangu ndi madzi kuti upangitse kuyimitsidwa, ndipo sudzakhazikika pakanthawi kochepa. Ngati nthawi yonyowa ndi yayitali kwambiri kapena imathamanga mwachangu, ma Wettable Powders ndi abwino kwambiri. Zofunikira zina zamakhalidwe ndizofanana ndi Dustable Powders.
Kufanana ndi Kuwonongeka kwa Granules
Ma granules abwino ayenera kukhala ndi tinthu tating'ono tomwe timakhala ndi ufa wochepa komanso tinthu tating'ono. Ma Granules Osokonekera amatha kusweka mkati mwa nthawi inayake akakhala ndi madzi, pomwe ma Granules osatha ayenera kukhala osasunthika kwa nthawi inayake. Aqua Granules ayenera kukhala ndi dispersibility yabwino komanso kusungunuka mwachangu m'madzi.
Mayeso azinthu zina zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala
Kutsimikiza kwa chinyezi
Chinyezi ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimakhudza ubwino ndi kukhazikika kwa fungicides. Ma fungicides okhala ndi chinyezi chochulukirapo amatha kuwonongeka komanso kuwonongeka, chifukwa chake amafunika kuyesedwa ndi njira kapena zida zapadera kuti atsimikizire kukhazikika kwawo pakusungidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito.
Kuzindikira acidity ndi alkalinity
PH ya biocide idzakhudza zotsatira zake ndi kukhazikika kwake. PH yoyenera imatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ndi kukhazikika kwa fungicide, kotero pogula, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa ngati pH ya chinthucho ikugwirizana ndi muyezo.
Kusanthula kwa zonyansa
Zonyansa ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa fungicides. Ma fungicides okhala ndi zonyansa zambiri sizingochepetsa zotsatira zake, komanso zitha kuwononga mbewu ndi chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, njira zapadera zowunikira ndizofunikira kuti muwone zonyansa zomwe zili mu fungicides.
Mapeto
Mwachidule, khalidwe la fungicides limakhudzidwa makamaka ndi zinthu ziwiri: ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zomwe zimagwira ntchito komanso mlingo wa teknoloji yopangira mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Pogula mankhwala ophera fungal, ogula amayenera kuyang'ana mosamala momwe akuyikamo ndikulemba zilembo za zinthuzo, kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe, ndikusankha njira zogulira zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri. Ndi njira iyi yokha yomwe tingathe kuwonetsetsa kuti ma fungicides amagwira ntchito bwino komanso otetezeka, ndikupereka chitsimikizo champhamvu chakukula kwa mbewu.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQs)
1. Kodi mankhwala ophera bowa amakhudza bwanji mbewu?
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizomwe zimayambira pa fungicide, zimalepheretsa mwachindunji komanso kupha matendawa, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake moyenera kumatha kusintha thanzi ndi zokolola za mbewu.
2. Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji Emulsifiable Concentrates ndi Solutions?
Ma Emulsifiable Concentrates nthawi zambiri amakhala amadzimadzi owoneka bwino, pomwe Mayankho amakhala amadzimadzi owoneka bwino. Ma Emulsifiable Concentrates akuyenera kukhala opanda mafuta oyandama komanso mvula mukathira madzi, pomwe Mayankho amaonedwa kuti ndi otsika ngati kuli mitambo kapena kwamvula.
3. Kodi kulongedza kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuli kofunikira chifukwa chiyani?
Kupaka kwabwino kumatha kuteteza kukhazikika kwa ma biocides panthawi yosungira komanso kuyendetsa kuti zisawonongeke komanso kulephera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zolemba zomwe zili pa phukusi zingathandizenso ogula kuzindikira ubwino wa mankhwalawo.
4. Kodi kuopsa kwa chilengedwe kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ati?
Ma fungicides abodza samangokhala osagwira ntchito popewa komanso kuwongolera matenda, komanso amatha kuyipitsa nthaka ndi magwero amadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta kwanthawi yayitali pazachilengedwe ndikuyika pachiwopsezo thanzi la anthu kudzera muzakudya.
5. Ndiyenera kulabadira chiyani pogula fungicides?
Mukamagula mankhwala ophera fungal, muyenera kusankha mayendedwe okhazikika, kuyang'ana ngati zoyikapo ndi zolembera ndizokhazikika, kumvetsetsa zomwe zimagwira ntchito komanso momwe zimapangidwira komanso momwe zimapangidwira, ndikupewa kugula zinthu zopanda zilembo, zowonongeka kapena zosawoneka bwino.
Kutanthauziridwa ndi DeepL.com (mtundu waulere)
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-05-2024
