Ⅰ. Masamba
April ndi nyengo ya masika, ndipo ndi nyengo yolimanso mbewu zambiri. Komabe, masika ndi nyengo yoopsa kwambiri ya tizirombo. Choncho, mbewu zambiri zimafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mwachitsanzo, ndiwo zamasamba monga nkhaka, mavwende, biringanya, ndi tsabola zimatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda monga ma borers, mawanga a masamba, ndi ntchentche zoyera panyengo yakukula. Pofuna kuteteza mbewuzi, mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe ali ndi mphamvu zolimbana ndi tizirombo izi, monga cypermethrin, imidacloprid, ndi zina zambiri.
M'mwezi wa Epulo, matenda a masamba ndi tizirombo zomwe zimayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi imvi nkhungu, downy mildew, nsabwe za m'masamba, diamondback moth, ndi matenda ena ndi tizirombo monga sclerotia, leaf miner, ndi yellow stripe jump. Pankhani ya kupewa ndi kulamulira, tiyenera kulabadira kupewa matenda, ndi yake fufuzani ndi kuchiza tizilombo tizirombo kuonetsetsa yachibadwa kukula masamba m'munda masika.
Kupezeka kwa matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo ndi malingaliro owongolera mankhwala.
(1) Gray nkhungu: Matendawa ndi matenda aakulu a tomato wamba ndipo afika pachimake pakati pa mwezi wa April. Nkhaka isanayambike, manganese zinc (M-45) angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupewa nkhaka, ndipo pambuyo pake, kumezanitsa (mwachangu), anisoclurea (buhein), pyrimethamycin, diacilamide, pyritocycloisocourea, ndi othandizira ena angagwiritsidwe ntchito. .
(2) Downy mildew matenda: Matendawa ndi matenda wamba pa m'deralo kasupe letesi, sipinachi, mavwende. Oyambirira kubzala mavwende (nkhaka) adzalowa pachimake cha kukula kumapeto kwa Epulo. Iwo akhoza kusankha zonona, manganese nthaka, chisanu urea, manganese nthaka, zoipa chisanu manganese nthaka, enolymorpholine, frost mildew, ndi wothandizila ena.
(3) Nsabwe za m’masamba zimawononga kwambiri nyemba, cruciferous, solanum, mavwende, ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Kupyolera mu kuwongolera kwaposachedwa, nsabwe za m'masamba zimayendetsedwa bwino. Ikhoza kusankha amidine, imidacloprid, amine, ndi mankhwala ena, ndikuchiza masamba a lacia tabaci.
(4) Diamondback moth: Malinga ndi kafukufuku, kolifulawa m’minda 13 inali ndi avareji ya zomera 12.6 mpaka 100, yokhala ndi mitu 0-100, makamaka mphutsi zazing’ono m’munda. Abamectin, mavitamini, acitral, ethyl polybiocidin, thuringiensis, ndi othandizira ena akhoza kusankhidwa.
(5) Matenda ena ndi tizilombo: Matenda a Fusarium wilt angachiritsidwe ndi Rotmilben, isobacterium urea, acinamide, methylsulfur bacterium agent. Ogwira ntchito m'migodi amatha kuthandizidwa ndi avermectin, phoxim, ndi othandizira ena. Mankhwala a dothi a kudumpha kwa mizere yachikasu angagwiritsidwe ntchito poletsa mphutsi. M'gawo la mbande, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kumapeto kwa kukula, fluoride (arica), high fluoride (fuqi), benzamide, ndi zinthu zina zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera. Pankhani ya kusakanikirana kwa matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo towononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zingagwiritsidwe ntchito palimodzi.
Nkhani ndi Chisamaliro
Kugwiritsa ntchito kosalekeza kwa wothandizira yemweyo; musawonjezere kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo; siyani mankhwala masiku 7-10 musanakolole kuti mupewe zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-30-2023
