Paulimi, mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso ophera udzu samangothandiza alimi kuchulukitsa zokolola komanso kuwononga tizirombo ndi udzu bwino. Komabe, pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana ophera tizirombo ndi herbicide okhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana pamsika. Nkhaniyi isanthula nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane, kuwulula kufunikira kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito.
Kusiyana kwa zolinga
Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya namsongole imakhala ndi kukhudzidwa kosiyanasiyana kwa othandizira. Mwachitsanzo, glyphosate imagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi namsongole wambiri, pamene nicosulfuron imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka polimbana ndi udzu. Kusiyanasiyana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti alimi asankhe wothandizira woyenera pazochitikazo kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino.
Njira zingapo zochitira
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'mimba, poizoni ndi kukhudza, fumigation, endosorption, ndi zina zotero. Mankhwala a herbicides amagwira ntchito posokoneza mlingo wa mahomoni a zomera, kuwononga photosynthesis, ndi mfundo zina zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ophera tizirombo a m'mimba amafunika kudyedwa ndi tizirombo, pomwe mankhwala ophera tizilombo amangofunika kukumana ndi tizirombo kuti agwire ntchito.
Chitetezo
Chitetezo ndichinthu chofunikira posankha mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi herbicides. Zosakaniza zina zimakhala zotetezeka komanso zosavulaza chilengedwe komanso zamoyo zomwe sizikufuna, pamene zina zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri, koma zotsatira zake zowononga tizilombo kapena herbicide zimakhala zogwira mtima nthawi zina. Choncho, alimi akuyenera kusankha potengera momwe angagwiritsire ntchito komanso chitetezo.
Kukaniza
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali mankhwala ophera tizirombo kapena herbicides kungayambitse kukana kwa tizirombo kapena udzu. Pofuna kuchepetsa kukula kwa kukana, kusinthasintha kapena kusakaniza kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi njira yabwino. Izi sizimangowonjezera kuwongolera, komanso kumawonjezera moyo wautumiki wamankhwala.
Makhalidwe a mbewu
Mbewu zimasiyanasiyana kulolerana ndi mankhwala. Zosakaniza zina zophera udzu zitha kukhala zotetezeka ku mbewu zina komanso zovulaza zina. Mwachitsanzo, zosakaniza zina ndi zabwino kwa tirigu koma zingakhale poizoni ku chimanga. Choncho, ndikofunika kwambiri kusankha mankhwala oyenera a herbicide pa mbewu inayake.
Environmental mikhalidwe ntchito
Zinthu zachilengedwe monga kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kapangidwe ka nthaka zingakhudze mphamvu ya wothandizira komanso kukula kwa tizirombo. Zosakaniza zina zitha kukhala zogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena ophera tizirombo sangakhale othandiza m’malo otentha, pamene mankhwala ena a herbicides angakhale othandiza kwambiri m’malo a chinyontho chochuluka.
Zofunikira za Nthawi Yotsalira
Nthawi zina, pangafunike kusankha zosakaniza zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yotsalira kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa kwa mbewu zomwe zikubwera, pamene zina, zosakaniza zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yotsalira zingakhale zoyenera kuti zithetse mavuto a udzu wautali. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera udzu kwa nthawi yayitali yotsalira m'minda yazipatso kungachepetse kuphukanso kwa udzu, potero kumachepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Zosakaniza Zophatikizira Mankhwala
Organochlorines
Organochlorine insecticide ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhala ndi mbiri yayitali komanso yotakata. Komabe, chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo chotsalira kwa nthawi yaitali m'chilengedwe komanso poizoni kwa zamoyo zomwe sizili zolinga, ntchito yawo tsopano yachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Organophosphates
Organophosphorous insecticides ndi gulu logwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri la mankhwala ophera tizilombo okhala ndi poizoni wambiri komanso zotsatira zabwino zowononga tizirombo. Komabe, mankhwalawa ndi oopsa kwambiri kwa anthu ndi nyama, ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera pachitetezo chachitetezo akagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Carbamates
Mankhwala ophera tizilombo a Carbamate ndi othandiza kwambiri komanso achangu, ndipo amatha kuthana ndi tizirombo tambirimbiri. Kuchepa kwawo kawopsedwe komanso kuchepa kwa chilengedwe kumawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri.
Pyrethroids
Mankhwala ophera tizirombo a pyrethroid amachotsedwa ndikupangidwa kuchokera ku ma pyrethroids achilengedwe ndipo amadziwika ndi kuchita bwino kwambiri, kawopsedwe kakang'ono komanso mawonekedwe ambiri. Mankhwala ophera tizirombowa ndi ochezeka ndi chilengedwe ndipo sakhudza kwambiri zamoyo zomwe sizikufuna.
Common Herbicide Zosakaniza
Phenoxycarboxylic acid
Phenoxycarboxylic acid herbicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kupewa ndi kuwongolera namsongole wamasamba, ndi kusankha bwino komanso kutsika kawopsedwe, ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popha udzu.
Benzoic asidi
Benzoic asidi herbicides kukwaniritsa herbicidal zotsatira ndi kusokoneza mlingo wa mahomoni zomera, ndipo makamaka ntchito kupewa ndi kulamulira udzu udzu. Amakhala ndi kusankha bwino ndipo ndi otetezeka ku mbewu.
Diphenyl ether
Diphenyl ether herbicides makamaka amapha namsongole mwa kuletsa photosynthesis ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatira zamphamvu zowononga udzu, koma akhoza kukhala poizoni ku mbewu zina ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
Triazobenzene
Triazobenzene herbicides amapha namsongole mwa kusokoneza photosynthesis ndi kukula kwa mahomoni a zomera, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poletsa udzu muzomera zosiyanasiyana.
Kusamala kuti mugwiritse ntchito
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo kapena herbicides, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo azinthu ndi malamulo oyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti cholinga chowongolera chikukwaniritsidwa motetezeka komanso mogwira mtima, ndikuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa zachilengedwe ndi zamoyo zina.
Zokhudza chilengedwe
Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera mankhwala ophera tizirombo ndi herbicides sikungangowonjezera mphamvu yakuwongolera, komanso kuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe. Kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe kungathe kutetezedwa ndipo kuvulaza kwa zamoyo zomwe sizikukhudzidwa kungachepe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zasayansi.
kasinthasintha wololera ntchito
Pofuna kupewa kuwonekera ndi kukula kwa kukana, tikulimbikitsidwa kusinthasintha moyenera kugwiritsa ntchito othandizira omwe ali ndi nyimbo zosiyanasiyana. Izi sizidzangowonjezera moyo wautumiki wa mankhwalawo, komanso kupititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake
Malangizo akatswiri
Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza kapangidwe kake kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi akatswiri azaulimi. Akhoza kupereka uphungu wa sayansi pazochitika ndi zochitika kuti athandize alimi kupanga chisankho chabwino.
Mapeto
Mwachidule, mankhwala ophera tizirombo ndi herbicide okhala ndi nyimbo zosiyanasiyana amapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana ndikuyankha pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana. Kusankhidwa koyenera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zidazi sikungowonjezera kuwongolera, komanso kumateteza chilengedwe komanso kulimbikitsa ulimi wokhazikika.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
1. Mungasankhe bwanji mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena herbicide?
Kusankhidwa kwa othandizira oyenerera kumatengera mitundu ya tizilombo kapena udzu, mawonekedwe a mbewu ndi momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira, poganizira zachitetezo ndi kasamalidwe kake.
2. Kodi vuto la kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena udzu lingathetse bwanji?
Mwa kusinthasintha kugwiritsa ntchito othandizira okhala ndi nyimbo zosiyanasiyana, kutuluka kwa kukana kumatha kuchedwetsedwa bwino ndipo mphamvu yowongolera imatha kuwongolera.
3. Kodi mankhwala ophera tizirombo ndi herbicides amakhudza bwanji chilengedwe?
Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera kungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, koma kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kungayambitse kuipitsa ndi kuvulaza zamoyo zomwe sizikufuna.
4. Kodi mbewu zingatetezedwe bwanji ku mankhwala?
Sankhani zosakaniza zomwe zili zotetezeka ku mbewu ndipo tsatirani malangizo mosamala kuti mupewe kumwa mopitirira muyeso.
5. Kodi kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo kapena herbicides kungawongolere bwanji?
Kuchuluka kwa ntchito kuyenera kuyendetsedwa moyenerera malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili komanso zofunikira zowongolera, ndikupewa kudalira kwambiri wothandizira mmodzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-08-2024
