Zizindikiro zowola
Matenda owola amakhudza kwambiri mitengo yazipatso yomwe yadutsa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mtengowo ukakula, zipatso zambiri, m'pamenenso matendawa amawola kwambiri. Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri thunthu ndi nthambi zazikulu. Pali mitundu itatu yodziwika bwino:
(1) Mtundu wa zilonda zakuya: zofiira-bulauni, zothimbirira madzi, zotukuka pang'ono, zozungulira mpaka mawanga a matenda amawonekera makamaka pamitengo, nthambi ndi khungwa. Maonekedwe a kasupe matenda banga ndi ofewa, zosavuta kung'ambika, dzanja kuthamanga maganizo, ndi kumaliseche yellow bulauni madzi, ndi lees kukoma. M'chilimwe, kutentha kumakwera, malowo amachepa, m'mphepete mwake mumakhala ming'alu, ndipo khungu limakula mawanga akuda. Pakunyowa, timadontho tating'ono takuda timatulutsa timizere tagolide.
(2) Pamwamba chilonda mtundu: makamaka amapezeka m'chilimwe, kumayambiriro kwa matenda, pali pang'ono pabuka-bulauni, pang'ono lonyowa yaing'ono chilonda mawanga pa kotekisi. Mphepete si mwaukhondo, zambiri 2 mpaka 3 centimita kuya, kukula kwa msomali angapo centimita, ndi chitukuko cha matenda zolengeza pang`onopang`ono kukodzedwa, zolengeza anaonekera kuvunda. Mu siteji ya matenda, malo zouma ndi shrank mu keke mawonekedwe. Zilonda zimayamba kumapeto kwa autumn.
(3) Nthambi choipitsa mtundu: makamaka zimachitika zaka 2 mpaka 5 wa nthambi yaikulu, siteji oyambirira a matenda, nthambi m'mphepete si bwino imvi bulauni mawanga, malo sawuka, sasonyeza madontho madzi, ndi chitukuko cha matenda, malo padziko tsinde patatha sabata, chifukwa mu malo pamwamba pa madzi imfa ndi youma, mu chonyowa zinthu za malo wandiweyani madontho akuda.
Lamulo la zochitika
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matenda ovunda mitengo ya zipatso amatchedwa apple melanoderma, wa acomyces subphylum bowa. Ascus amapanga mu autumn. Ascospore yopanda mtundu, cell imodzi. Mbadwo wosagonana umatchedwa Musa sinensis, womwe ndi wa subphylum mycetosis. Kupanga conidium pansi pa khungwa. Overwintering mu minofu matenda ndi mycelium ndi mwana fruiting matupi. Matendawa adayamba mu Epulo chaka chamawa, pomwe kutentha kumapitilira 10 ℃ ndi chinyezi chambiri kuposa 60%, matendawa amayamba kuchitika, kutentha ndi 24 ~ 28 ℃ ndi chinyezi chambiri kuposa 90%, nyanga ya condial. akhoza kupangidwa mu 2 hours. Matendawa amapezeka pa nsonga ziwiri pa chaka. Ndiye kuti, mu Marichi mpaka Epulo ndi Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala, masika ndi olemera kuposa autumn. Mtengowo ukakhala wamphamvu komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimakhala zabwino, matendawa amakhala ochepa. Pamene mtengo uli wofooka, kusowa kwa chilala cha feteleza, zipatso zambiri, matenda aakulu.
Chiyambi cha Pharmacy
Wothandizira uyu nditebuconazole, yomwe ndi triazole fungicide, yomwe makamaka imalepheretsa demethylation ya ergosterol pa cell nembanemba ya mabakiteriya a pathogenic, kotero kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitingathe kupanga nembanemba ya selo, motero kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Iwo ali ndi makhalidwe a bactericidal sipekitiramu lonse, chokhalitsa zotsatira ndi zabwino zokhudza zonse mayamwidwe. Lili ndi ntchito zoteteza, kuchiza ndi kuthetsa matenda, ndipo zimatha kuteteza kuukira kwa mvula ndi mabakiteriya, ndikulimbikitsa machiritso a minofu ya mabala ndi mabala.
chachikulu mbali
(1) Wide bactericidal sipekitiramu:Tebuconazolesangathe kuteteza ndi kuchiza zowola, komanso kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana monga tsamba banga, bulauni banga, powdery mildew, matenda mphete, peyala nkhanambo, mphesa zoyera zowola ndi zina zotero.
(2) Good systemic conductivity:Tebuconazoleimatha kuyamwa ndi rhizomes, masamba ndi mbali zina za mbewu, ndikufalikira kumadera osiyanasiyana a mmera kudzera mu phloem kuti akwaniritse cholinga chothana ndi matenda.
(3) Zotsatira zokhalitsa: Pambuyotebuconazoleimatengedwa ndi zimayambira ndi masamba, imatha kukhala mu mbewu kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ikwaniritse cholinga chopha majeremusi mosalekeza. Makamaka, phala limagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka, ndipo medicament wopaka pa zotupa amapanga wosanjikiza wa mankhwala filimu, amene si kugwa, kugonjetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, mvula ndi mpweya makutidwe ndi okosijeni, ndipo mosalekeza kusewera zodzitetezera ndi achire zotsatira za mankhwala mkati mwa chaka chimodzi. Kutalika kwa nthawi yovomerezeka kungakhale chaka cha 1, chomwe chingachepetse kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ndi mtengo wa mankhwala.
(4) Kupewa ndi kuwongolera mokwanira:Tebuconazoleali ndi ntchito zoteteza, chithandizo ndi kuthetsa, ndipo ali ndi zotsatira zabwino zakupha mabakiteriya pamwamba pa zilonda ndi mabakiteriya mkati, ndipo kulamulira kumakhala kokwanira.
Mbewu zogwiritsidwa ntchito
Wothandizira angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamitengo yosiyanasiyana monga maapulo, walnuts, mapichesi, yamatcheri, mapeyala, crabapples, hawthorns, poplars ndi misondodzi.
chinthu chopewera
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewa komanso kuchiza zowola, ziphuphu, matenda a mphete, kutuluka kwa chingamu, kutuluka kwa khungwa, etc.
Njira zopewera ndi kuwongolera
(1) Kasamalidwe ka sayansi: Kupititsa patsogolo kuthekera kwamitengo ndikuwongolera kukana matenda amitengo ndiyo njira yayikulu yopewera ndikuwongolera kuvunda kwa mtengo wa apulo. Kuchita ntchito yabwino kupatulira maluwa ndi zipatso, wololera katundu, kupewa kuchitika kwa chaka chaching'ono, kuonjezera ntchito organic fetereza, yake kuthirira feteleza, kupewa msanga mtengo wa zipatso kukalamba, etc., akhoza bwino kuteteza zochitika zowola matenda.
(2) Kuwongolera kwamankhwala: Kuwongolera mankhwala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yowongolera, ndipo othandizira popewa ndi kuchiza zowola ndiabwino kwambiri. Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zoyesedwa, njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera ndi mankhwala ndi pentazolol.Tebuconazoleali ndi permeability amphamvu, mayamwidwe abwino mkati, amatha kuyamwa ndi tsinde ndi masamba, ndipo amayendetsedwa m'thupi, kudzera mu xylem kusamutsa wothandizira kumadera osiyanasiyana a mtengo wa zipatso. Zili ndi zotsatira zoteteza, kuchiza ndi kuthetsa matenda ovunda, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zazitali, ndipo zimangofunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pachaka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-31-2023
