Mu kulima wobiriwira anyezi, adyo, leeks, anyezi ndi zina anyezi ndi adyo masamba, chodabwitsa youma nsonga n'zosavuta kuchitika. Ngati kuwongolera sikuyendetsedwa bwino, masamba ambiri a chomera chonse amauma. Zikavuta kwambiri, munda udzakhala ngati moto. Zimakhudza kwambiri zokolola, ndipo zikavuta kwambiri, sizingayambitse kukolola. Kodi chimayambitsa izi ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungapewere? Lero, ndikufuna kupangira mankhwala abwino kwambiri a fungicide kwa aliyense, omwe amakhudza kwambiri kupewa ndi kuwongolera anyezi wobiriwira ndi adyo.
1. Zomwe zimayambitsa nsonga youma
Pali zifukwa zambiri zowuma nsonga za anyezi ndi adyo masamba, makamaka zokhudza thupi ndi matenda. The youma nsonga ndi zabwino zokhudza thupi katundu makamaka chifukwa cha chilala ndi kusowa kwa madzi, ndi pathological youma nsonga makamaka chifukwa imvi nkhungu ndi choipitsa. , Chifukwa chofunika kwambiri cha nsonga youma kupanga ndi imvi nkhungu ndi choipitsa.
2. Zizindikiro zazikulu
Imvi nkhungu chifukwa chobiriwira anyezi, adyo, leek ndi zina Anyezi ndi adyo masamba youma nsonga zambiri "wobiriwira youma", oyambirira, pa masamba kukula mawanga oyera, pamene kutentha ndi chinyezi ndi koyenera, mawanga matenda kufalikira pa tsamba. nsonga pansi, chifukwa tsamba youma. Chinyezi chikakhala chambiri, nkhungu imvi imatha kupanga pamasamba akufa.
Nsonga zouma za anyezi wobiriwira, adyo, leek ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri zimakhala "zouma zoyera". Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mawanga obiriwira ndi oyera amawonekera pamasamba, omwe amakhala imvi ndi mawanga oyera pambuyo pakukula, ndipo masamba onse amafota pambuyo pake. Mvula kapena chinyezi chikachuluka, matendawa amamera nkhungu zaubweya woyera; Nyengo ikauma, mildew imasowa, kung'amba epidermis ndikuwona mycelium yoyera. Matenda akamakula, munda umauma ngati moto.
3. Choyambitsa matendawa
Pansi pa kutentha kwabwino, chinyezi chambiri ndicho chifukwa chachikulu cha kufalikira ndi kufalikira kwa botrytis ndi choipitsa. Botrytis cinerea ndi Phytophthora makamaka overwinter kapena chirimwe mu nthaka Ufumuyo kudwala thupi. Kutentha ndi chinyezi zikakhala koyenera, mabakiteriya omwe amatsalira m'thupi la matenda amayamba kumera, kupanga hyphae ndi conidia yambiri, yomwe imalowa m'nthaka. M'thupi lokhalamo, ndikutenga zakudya kuchokera ku maselo kapena maselo kuti akule ndi kuberekana.
Conidia kapena mycelium amafalikira m'munda pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya, mvula, madzi othirira, ndi zina zotero, ndipo akupitiriza kupatsira zomera zina. Pansi pa kutentha ndi chinyezi choyenera, kufalikira kumafalikira mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri kungayambitse zochitika zazikulu mkati mwa masiku 7.
4. Njira zopewera
(1) sankhani mitundu yosamva matenda.
(2), yeretsani dimba, chotsani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda munthawi yake kuti tipewe kufalikira kwa majeremusi.
(3), tcherani khutu ku ngalande zakumunda, kupewa madzi akumunda.
(4), kulima mbande zolimba, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu feteleza, kukulitsa kukana matenda a mbewu.
(5), kutsitsi koyambirira50% carbendazimzotsatira zamadzimadzi ndi zabwino. 6. Tsukani zotsalira za matenda m'munda pakatha nthawi yokolola anyezi, ndi kuwawononga pakati.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-31-2023
