1 . Wkutentha nkhanambo

Pa maluwa ndi kudzazidwa nyengo ya tirigu, nyengoismitambo ndi mvula , padzakhala chiwerengero chachikulu cha majeremusi mu mlengalenga, ndipo matenda adzakhala.

Tirigu akhoza kuwonongekapanthawiyikuchokera ku mbande kupita kumutu, kuchititsa mbande kuvunda, tsinde, kuvunda kwa phesi ndi kuvunda kwa khutu, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri ndi kuvunda kwa khutu.

Mbewu za tirigu zomwe zimanyamula majeremusi a nkhanambo zimakhala ndi poizoni, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa poizoni mwa anthu ndi nyama, zomwe zimayambitsa kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, chizungulire, ndi zina zambiri.

 

Chithandizo cha mankhwala:

Carbendazim ndi thiophanate-methylkukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuwongolera nkhanambo ya tirigu.

2. Wkutentha powdery mildew

Pachiyambi, mawanga a nkhungu oyera amawonekera pamasamba. Kenaka, pang'onopang'ono amakula mpaka kufika pa malo ozungulira a mildew, ndipo pamwamba pake pamakhala ufa woyera pamwamba pa mildew. Pamapeto pake, mawangawo amakhala oyera-oyera kapena ofiirira, ndi ang'onoang'ono akudamadonthopamawanga a matenda.

 

Yoyenera fungicide:

Triazole (triazolone, propiconazole, pentazolol, etc.). Zotsatira zake ndizabwino, koma sizikhazikika, komansoitangagwiritsidwe ntchitokoyambirira kapena kupewa.

Azoxystrobinndi Pyraclostrobin nawonsozabwinomphamvu pakuthana ndi powdery mildew.

 

3. Wkutentha dzimbiri

Dzimbiri latirigukawirikawirikuchitikaspamasamba, m'chimake, tsinde ndi makutu. Milu yonyezimira yachikasu, yofiyira-bulauni kapena yofiirira imawonekera pamasamba kapena tsinde,ndiyemilu ya spore imakhala yakuda. Matendawa amakhudza chitukuko ndi kudzazidwa kwa tirigu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewu zikhale zowonda komanso zimachepetsa zokolola za tirigu.

 

Yoyenera fungicide:

Mukhoza kusankhaAzoxystrobin, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole kapena chilinganizo zovuta za zosakaniza yogwira.

4. Kuwonongeka kwa masamba a tirigu

Kuipitsa masamba kumakhudza makamaka masamba ndi masamba. Poyamba, masamba ang'onoang'ono achikasu kapena obiriwira amawonekera pamasamba. Kenako zolengeza zimakula mwachangu ndikukhala zosakhazikika zachikasu zoyera kapena zachikasu zofiirira zazikulu.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amayamba kuchokera m'munsi masamba ndipo pang'onopang'ono amakula mmwamba. Zikavuta kwambiri, masamba a mbewu yonse amasanduka achikasu ndi kufa.

 

Yoyenera fungicide:

Mukhoza kusankha Hexaconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Thiophanate-methyl kapena chilinganizo zovuta za zosakaniza yogwira.

5. Wkutentha moto

Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, pali filimu ya imvi kunja kwa khutu, yomwe ili ndi ufa wakuda. Pambuyo pamutu, filimuyo inasweka ndipo ufa wakuda unawuluka.

 

Yoyenera fungicide:

Mukhoza kusankhaEpoxiconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Triadimenol

6. Rfulakesi ya rotof

Matendawa ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyana nyengo zosiyanasiyana. M’madera owuma ndi owuma, matendawa nthawi zambiri amayambitsa zowola ndi mizu; m'malo amvula,pambaliZizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi, zimayambitsanso banga la masamba ndi kufota kwa tsinde.

Kupewa:

(1) Sankhani mitundu yolimbana ndi matenda ndipo pewani kubzala mitundu yomwe ingatenge matenda.

(2) Limbikitsani kasamalidwe ka kulima. Chinsinsi chothana ndi kuvunda kwa mizu pa mbande ndi chakuti munda wa tirigu sungathe kulimidwa mosalekeza, ndipo ukhoza kusinthidwa ndi mbewu monga fulakisi, mbatata, mbewu za rapesi ndi nyemba.

(3) Kuthirira mbewu m’mankhwala. Ndi tuzet, zilowerereni mbewu kwa maola 24 mpaka 36, ​​ndipo zotsatira zake ndizoposa 80%.

(4) Kupopera mankhwala

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, propiconazole kapena thiram ufa wonyowa adapopera panthawi ya maluwa a tirigu,

Kwa nthawi yachiwiri, thiram idapopera kuchokera pagawo lodzaza njere zatirigu mpaka kukayamba kucha mkaka, ndikudutsa masiku 15. Kapena triadimefon imathanso kuwongolera matendawa.